- Comète périodique
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Une comète périodique est une comète qui a été observée à plus d'un périhélie et/ou qui a une période orbitale inférieure à 200 ans.
Les comètes périodiques ne reçoivent pas de désignation numérique avant d'avoir été observées à plus d'un périhélie. Dans quasiment tous les cas, les comètes sont nommées d'après leurs découvreurs (dans le cas de 2P/Encke et 27P/Crommelin, il s'agit de la personne ayant calculé leur orbite). Les orbites des comètes périodiques sont particulièrement difficiles à calculer à cause des perturbations possibles des planètes. Mais même dans ce cas, la trace de certaines comètes périodiques peut être perdue par suite d'un dégazage ou d'une fragmentation.
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Liste des comètes périodiques numérotées
Comète Découvreur(s) Année de découverte Période orbitale 1P/Halley Halley 1758 76,09 a 2P/Encke Encke 1786 3,30 a 3D/Biela Biela 1826 6,619 a 4P/Faye Faye 1843 7,545 a 5D/Brorsen Brorsen 1846 5,461 a 6P/d'Arrest d'Arrest 1851 6,54 a 7P/Pons-Winnecke Pons & Winnecke 1819 6,36 a 8P/Tuttle Tuttle 1858 13,58 a 9P/Tempel (Tempel 1) Tempel 1867 5,52 a 10P/Tempel (Tempel 2) Tempel 1873 5,382 a 11P/Tempel-Swift-LINEAR Tempel & Swift & LINEAR 1869 6,372 a 12P/Pons-Brooks Pons & Brooks 1812 70,85 a 13P/Olbers Olbers 1815 69,5 a 14P/Wolf Wolf 1884 8,74 a 15P/Finlay Finlay 1886 6,50 a 16P/Brooks (Brooks 2) Brooks 1889 6,14 a 17P/Holmes Holmes 1892 6,89 a 18D/Perrine-Mrkos Perrine & Mrkos 19P/Borrelly Borrelly 20D/Westphal Westphal 21P/Giacobini-Zinner Giacobini & Zinner 22P/Kopff Kopff 23P/Brorsen-Metcalf Brorsen & Metcalf 24P/Schaumasse Schaumasse 25D/Neujmin (Neujmin 2) Neujmin 26P/Grigg-Skjellerup Grigg & Skjellerup 1902 et 1922 5,31 a 27P/Crommelin Crommelin 28P/Neujmin (Neujmin 1) Neujmin 29P/Schwassmann-Wachmann (Schwassmann-Wachmann 1) Schwassmann & Wachmann 30P/Reinmuth (Reinmuth 1) Reinmuth 31P/Schwassmann-Wachmann (Schwassmann-Wachmann 2) Schwassmann & Wachmann 32P/Comas Solá Comas Solà 33P/Daniel Daniel 34D/Gale Gale 35P/Herschel-Rigollet Herschel & Rigollet 36P/Whipple Whipple 37P/Forbes Forbes 38P/Stephan-Oterma Stephan & Oterma 39P/Oterma Oterma 40P/Väisälä (Väisälä 1) Väisälä 41P/Tuttle-Giacobini-Kresák Tuttle & Giacobini & Kresák 42P/Neujmin (Neujmin 3) Neujmin 43P/Wolf-Harrington Wolf & Harrington 44P/Reinmuth (Reinmuth 2) Reinmuth 45P/Honda-Mrkos-Pajdušáková Honda & Mrkos & Pajdušáková 46P/Wirtanen Wirtanen 47P/Ashbrook-Jackson Ashbrook & Jackson 48P/Johnson Johnson 49P/Arend-Rigaux Arend & Rigaux 50P/Arend Arend 51P/Harrington Harrington 52P/Harrington-Abell Harrington & Abell 53P/Van Biesbroeck Van Biesbroeck 54P/de Vico-Swift-NEAT de Vico & Swift & NEAT 55P/Tempel-Tuttle Tempel & Tuttle 56P/Slaughter-Burnham Slaughter & Burnham 57P/du Toit-Neujmin-Delporte du Toit & Neujmin & Delporte 58P/Jackson-Neujmin Jackson & Neujmin 59P/Kearns-Kwee Kearns & Kwee 60P/Tsuchinshan (Tsuchinshan 2) Tsuchinshan 61P/Shajn-Schaldach Shajn & Schaldach 62P/Tsuchinshan (Tsuchinshan 1) Tsuchinshan 63P/Wild (Wild 1) Wild 64P/Swift-Gehrels Swift & Gehrels 65P/Gunn Gunn 66P/du Toit du Toit 67P/Tchourioumov-Guerassimenko Tchourioumov & Guerassimenko 68P/Klemola Klemola 69P/Taylor Taylor 70P/Kojima Kojima 71P/Clark Clark 72P/Denning-Fujikawa Denning & Fujikawa 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann (Schwassmann-Wachmann 3) Schwassmann & Wachmann 74P/Smirnova-Chernykh Smirnova & Chernykh 75D/Kohoutek Kohoutek 76P/West-Kohoutek-Ikemura West & Kohoutek & Ikemura 77P/Longmore Longmore 78P/Gehrels (Gehrels 2) Gehrels 79P/du Toit-Hartley du Toit & Hartley 80P/Peters-Hartley Peters & Hartley 81P/Wild (Wild 2) Wild 82P/Gehrels (Gehrels 3) Gehrels 83P/Russell (Russell 1) Russell 84P/Giclas Giclas 85P/Boethin Boethin 86P/Wild (Wild 3) Wild 87P/Bus Bus 88P/Howell Howell 89P/Russell (Russell 2) Russell 90P/Gehrels (Gehrels 1) Gehrels 91P/Russell (Russell 3) Russell 92P/Sanguin Sanguin 93P/Lovas (Lovas 1) Lovas 94P/Russell (Russell 4) Russell 95P/Chiron = astéroïde (2060) Chiron Kowal 96P/Machholz (Machholz 1) Machholz 1986 5,2322 a 97P/Metcalf-Brewington Metcalf & Brewington 98P/Takamizawa Takamizawa 99P/Kowal (Kowal 1) Kowal 100P/Hartley (Hartley 1) Hartley 101P/Chernykh Chernykh 102P/Shoemaker (Shoemaker 1) C. Shoemaker & E. Shoemaker 103P/Hartley (Hartley 2) Hartley 104P/Kowal (Kowal 2) Kowal 105P/Singer Brewster Singer Brewster 106P/Schuster Schuster 107P/Wilson-Harrington = astéroïde (4015) Wilson-Harrington Helin & Wilson & Harrington 108P/Ciffréo Ciffréo 109P/Swift-Tuttle Swift & Tuttle 110P/Hartley (Hartley 3) Hartley 111P/Helin-Roman-Crockett Helin & Roman & Crockett 112P/Urata-Niijima Urata & Niijima 113P/Spitaler Spitaler 114P/Wiseman-Skiff Wiseman & Skiff 115P/Maury (Maury 1) Maury 116P/Wild (Wild 4) Wild 117P/Helin-Roman-Alu (Helin-Roman-Alu 1) Helin & Roman & Alu 118P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 4) C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy 119P/Parker-Hartley Parker & Hartley 120P/Mueller (Mueller 1) Mueller 121P/Shoemaker-Holt (Shoemaker-Holt 2) C.Shoemaker, E.Shoemaker & Holt 122P/de Vico de Vico 123P/West-Hartley West & Hartley 124P/Mrkos Mrkos 125P/Spacewatch (Spacewatch 1) Spacewatch 126P/IRAS IRAS 127P/Holt-Olmstead Holt & Olmstead 128P/Shoemaker-Holt (Shoemaker-Holt 1) C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Holt 129P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 3) C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy 130P/McNaught-Hughes McNaught & Hughes 131P/Mueller (Mueller 2) Mueller 132P/Helin-Roman-Alu (Helin-Roman-Alu 2) Helin & Roman & Alu 133P/Elst-Pizarro = astéroïde (7968) Elst-Pizarro Elst & Pizarro 134P/Kowal-Vávrová Kowal & Vávrová 135P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 8) C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy 136P/Mueller (Mueller 3) Mueller 137P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 2) C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy 138P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 7) C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy 139P/Väisälä-Oterma Väisälä & Oterma 140P/Bowell-Skiff Bowell & Skiff 141P/Machholz (Machholz 2) Machholz 142P/Ge-Wang Ge & Wang 143P/Kowal-Mrkos Kowal & Mrkos 144P/Kushida Kushida 145P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 5) C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy 146P/Shoemaker-LINEAR C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & LINEAR 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu Kushida & Muramatsu 148P/Anderson-LINEAR Anderson & LINEAR 149P/Mueller (Mueller 4) Mueller 150P/LONEOS (LONEOS 3) LONEOS 151P/Helin Helin 152P/Helin-Lawrence Helin & Lawrence 153P/Ikeya-Zhang Ikeya & Zhang 154P/Brewington Brewington 155P/Shoemaker (Shoemaker 3) C. Shoemaker & E. Shoemaker 156P/Russell-LINEAR Russell & LINEAR 157P/Tritton Tritton 158P/Kowal-LINEAR Kowal & LINEAR 159P/LONEOS (LONEOS 7) LONEOS 160P/LINEAR (LINEAR 43) LINEAR 161P/Hartley-IRAS Hartley & IRAS 162P/Siding Spring (Siding Spring 2) Siding Spring 163P/NEAT (NEAT 21) NEAT 164P/Christensen (Christensen 2) Christensen 165P/LINEAR (LINEAR 10) LINEAR 166P/NEAT (NEAT 8) NEAT 167P/CINEOS CINEOS 168P/Hergenrother (Hergenrother 1) Hergenrother 169P/NEAT (NEAT 22) NEAT 170P/Christensen (Christensen 4) Christensen 171P/Spahr (Spahr 2) Spahr 172P/Yeung Yeung 173P/Mueller (Mueller 5) Mueller 174P/Echeclus = astéroïde (60558) Echeclus Spacewatch 175P/Hergenrother (Hergenrother 2) Hergenrother 176P/LINEAR (LINEAR 52) = (118401) LINEAR LINEAR 177P/Barnard (Barnard 2) Barnard 178P/Hug-Bell Hug & Bell 179P/Jedicke (Jedicke 1) Jedicke 180P/NEAT (NEAT 3) NEAT 181P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 6) C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy 182P/LONEOS (LONEOS 6) LONEOS 183P/Korlević-Jurić Korlević & Jurić 184P/Lovas (Lovas 2) Lovas 185P/Petriew Petriew 186P/Garradd (Garradd 1) Garradd 187P/LINEAR (LINEAR 4) LINEAR 188P/LINEAR-Mueller LINEAR & Mueller 189P/NEAT (NEAT 10) NEAT 190P/Mueller (Mueller 6) Mueller 191P/McNaught (McNaught 11) McNaught 192P/Shoemaker-Levy (Shoemaker-Levy 1) C. Shoemaker, E. Shoemaker & Levy 193P/LINEAR-NEAT (LINEAR-NEAT 2) LINEAR & NEAT 194P/LINEAR (LINEAR 9) LINEAR [1] 195P/Hill Hill 196P/Tichý Tichý IAUC 8917 197P/LINEAR LINEAR IAUC 8924 198P/ODAS OCA-DLR Asteroid Survey (ODAS)[2], IAUC 8929 199P/Shoemaker (Shoemaker 4) C. Shoemaker & E. Shoemaker CBET 1347 200P/Larsen Larsen 201P/LONEOS LONEOS [3] 202P/Scotti Scotti [4] 203P/Korlević Korlević IAUC 8974 204P/LINEAR-NEAT LINEAR & NEAT IAUC 8974 205P/Giacobini Giacobini IAUC 8975 206P/Barnard-Boattini Barnard & Boattini IAUC 8995 207P/NEAT NEAT IAUC 8996 208P/McMillan McMillan IAUC 8997, IAUC 9000 209P/LINEAR LINEAR IAUC 9002 210P/Christensen Christensen IAUC 9005 211P/Hill Hill (Catalina Sky Survey) IAUC 9001 212P/NEAT NEAT IAUC 9010 213P/Van Ness Van Ness IAUC 9017 214P/LINEAR LINEAR IAUC 9017 215P/NEAT NEAT IAUC 9018 216P/LINEAR LINEAR IAUC 9021 217P/LINEAR LINEAR 218P/LINEAR LINEAR 219P/LINEAR LINEAR 220P/McNaught McNaught 221P/LINEAR LINEAR 222P/LINEAR LINEAR 223P/Skiff Skiff 224P/LINEAR-NEAT LINEAR & NEAT 225P/LINEAR LINEAR 226P/Pigott-LINEAR-Kowalski Pigott & LINEAR & Kowalski 227P/Catalina-LINEAR Catalina Sky Survey & LINEAR 228P/LINEAR LINEAR 229P/Gibbs Gibbs (Catalina Sky Survey) 230P/LINEAR (LINEAR?) LINEAR 1997 6,27 a 231P/LINEAR-NEAT (LINEAR-NEAT 4) LINEAR & NEAT 2003 8,08 a 232P/Hill (Hill 2) Hill 1999 9,49 a 233P/LA SAGRA (LA SAGRA) LA SAGRA (LSSS) 2009 5,29 a 234P/LINEAR (LINEAR?) LINEAR 2001 7,46 a 235P/LINEAR (LINEAR?) LINEAR 2001 8,00 a 236P/LINEAR (LINEAR?) LINEAR 2003 7,20 a 237P/LINEAR (LINEAR?) LINEAR 2002 7,22 a 238P/Read (Read 3) Read 2005 5,63 a 239P/LINEAR (LINEAR 11) LINEAR 1999 9,42 a 240P/NEAT (NEAT 12) NEAT 2002 7,59 a 241P/LINEAR (LINEAR 7) LINEAR 1999 10,69 a 242P/Spahr (Spahr 1) Spahr 1997 13,16 a 243P/NEAT (NEAT 17) NEAT 2003 7,50 a 244P/Scotti (Scotti 1) Scotti 2000 11,24 a 245P/WISE WISE 2010 8,03 a 246P/NEAT (NEAT 20) NEAT 2004 8,04 a 247P/LINEAR LINEAR 2002 7,98 a 248P/Gibbs Gibbs 1996 14,64 a 249P/LINEAR (LINEAR 53) LINEAR 2006 4,63 a 250P/Larson Larson 2011 7,21 a 251P/LINEAR (LINEAR 42) LINEAR 2004 6,52 a 252P/LINEAR (LINEAR 12) LINEAR 2000 5,35 a Voir aussi
Liens internes
- Comète
- Liste des comètes apériodiques
Liens externes
- (en) Periodic Comet Numbers, Minor Planet Center
- (en) Comètes périodiques sur cometography.com, y compris les comètes non numérotées
Catégories :- Comète périodique
- Liste en rapport avec l'astronomie
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