Cell adhesion molecule
- Cell adhesion molecule
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Cell adhesion molecule
Les Cell adhesion molecule aussi connues sous le nom de CAM sont des protéines intervenant dans les mécanismes de liaison cellulaire.
Elles appartiennent la plupart à la Superfamille des immunoglobulines, aux intégrines, aux sélectines, aux cadhérines et aux Lymphocyte homing receptor.
Structure
Elles possède un domaine cytosolique, un domaine transmembranaire et un domaine extracellulaire constitué de domaine C2 (constant) répétitifs reliés entre eux par des ponts disulfures. L'extrémité N-terminale située en extracellulaire, lie les protéoglycanes et les intégrines. Cette liaison est calcium dépendante.
Fonction
Les CAMs jouent un rôle dans l'interaction entre les leucocytes et les cellules endothéliale, entre les leucocytes et le tissu conjonctif ou encore entre les cellules endothéliales et le tissu conjonctif (important dans l'angiogenèse). Dans ce dernier cas 3 CAM joue un rôle important : les VCAM (Vascular CAM), les PECAM (Platelet CAM)et les ICAM (Intercellular CAM). Enfin il existe aussi des CAM qui joue un rôle dans l'interaction entre les neurone et les fibres musculaires, les NCAM qui sont importantes dans le développement du système nerveux central.
Portail de la biologie cellulaire et moléculaire
Catégories : Protéine | Biologie des membranes
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