Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Gilman.

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Charlotte Perkins Gilman

Charlotte Perkins Gilman née le 3 juillet 1860 à Hartford et morte le 17 août 1935 est une sociologue et écrivaine américaine. Son œuvre a eu une grande influence sur le féminisme.

Biographie

Issue de la bourgeoise intellectuelle de la Nouvelle-Angleterre, sa famille maternelle compte un des ancêtres fondateurs du Rhode Island, État où elle grandira. Par son père, elle est descendante de la famille Beecher : Harriet Beecher Stowe, l'auteur de La Case de l'oncle Tom (Uncle Tom's Cabin) était sa tante.

Après ses études d'art, elle part en Californie pour se consacrer à ses nombreuses publications mensuelles.

Atteinte d'un cancer, elle se suicide au chloroforme.

Réception de l'œuvre

Charlotte Perkins Gilman a écrit aussi bien des nouvelles, dont la plus célèbre est The Yellow Wallpaper, que des essais dont le plus important est Women and Economics.

Sous-estimée aux État-Unis et ailleurs pendant plusieurs décennies, notamment après l'obtention du droit de vote des femmes américaines en 1920, mais toujours lue par les féministes, l'œuvre de Perkins Gilman fut remise à l'honneur, dans les années soixante.

Œuvres

Essais

• His Religion and Hers: A Study of the Faith of Our Fathers and the Work of Our Mothers, NY and London: Century Co., 1923; London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1924; Westport: Hyperion Press, 1976.
• Gems of Art for the Home and Fireside. Providence: J. A. and R. A. Reid, 1888.
• Women and Economics: A Study of the Economic Relation Between Men and Women as a Factor in Social Evolution. Boston: Small, Maynard & Co., 1898.
• Concerning Children. Boston: Small, Maynard & Co., 1900.
• The Home: Its Work and Influence. New York: McClure, Phillips, & Co., 1903.
• Human Work. New York: McClure, Phillips, & Co., 1904.
• The Man-Made World; or, Our Androcentric Culture. New York: Charton Co., 1911.
• Our Brains and What Ails Them. Serialized in Forerunner. 1912.
• Social Ethics. Serialized in Forerunner. 1914.
• His Religion and Hers: A Study of the Faith of Our Fathers and the Work of Our Mothers. New York and London: Century Co., 1923.
• Our Changing Morality. Ed. Freda Kirchway. NY: Boni, 1930. 53-66.

Romans

• What Diantha Did. Forerunner. 1909-1910.
• The Crux. Forerunner. 1911.
• Moving the Mountain. Forerunner. 1911.
• Mag-Marjorie Forerunner. 1912.
• Benigna Machiavelli. Forerunner. 1914.
• Herland Forerunner. 1915.
• With Her in Ourland. Forerunner. 1916.
• Unpunished Eds. Catherine J. Golden and Denise D. Knight. New York: Feminist Press, 1997.

Nouvelles

Gilman a publié 186 nouvelles dans des magazines, des journaux et dans sa propre revue, The Forerunner.

• "Circumstances Alter Cases." Kate Field's Washington 23 July 1890: 55-56. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 32-38.
• "That Rare Jewel." Women's Journal 17 May 1890: 158. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 20-24.
• "The Unexpected." Kate Field's Washington 21 May 1890: 335-6. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 25-31.
• "An Extinct Angel." Kate Field's Washington 23 Sept 1891:199-200. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 48-50.
• "The Giant Wistaria." New England Magazine 4 (1891): 480-85. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 39-47.
• "The Yellow Wall-paper." New England Magazine 5 (1892): 647-56; Boston: Small, Maynard & Co., 1899; NY: Feminist Press, 1973 Afterword Elaine Hedges; Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. Introduction Robert Shulman.
• "The Rocking-Chair." Worthington's Illustrated 1 (1893): 453-59. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 51-61.
• "An Elopement." San Francisco Call 10 July 1893: 1. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 66-68.
• "Deserted." San Francisco Call 17 July 1893: 1-2. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 62-65.
• "Through This." Kate Field's Washington 13 Sept 1893: 166. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 69-72.
• "A Day's Berryin.'" Impress 13 Oct 1894: 4-5. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 78-82.
• "Five Girls." Impress 1 Dec 1894: 5. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 83-86.
• "One Way Out."Impress 29 Dec 1894: 4-5. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 87-91.
• "The Misleading of Pendleton Oaks." Impress 6 Oct 1894: 4-5. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 73-77.
• "An Unnatural Mother." Impress 16 Feb 1895: 4-5. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 98-106.
• "An Unpatented Process." Impress 12 Jan 1895: 4-5. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 92-97.
• "According to Solomon." Forerunner 1:2 (1909):1-5. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 122-129.
• "Three Thanksgivings." Forerunner 1 (1909): 5-12. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 107-121.
• "What Diantha Did." Forerunner 1 (1909–11); NY: Charlton Co., 1910; London: T. Fisher Unwin, 1912.
• "The Cottagette." Forerunner 1:10 (1910): 1-5. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 130-138.
• "When I Was a Witch." Forerunner 1 (1910): 1-6. The Charlotte Perkins Gilman Reader. Ed. Ann J. Lane. NY: Pantheon, 1980. 21-31.
• "In Two Houses." Forerunner 2:7 (1911): 171-77. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 159-171.
• "Making a Change." Forerunner 2:12 (1911): 311-315 . "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 182-190.
• "Moving the Mountain." Forerunner 2 (1911); NY: Charlton Co., 1911; The Charlotte Perkins Gilman Reader. Ed. Ann J. Lane. NY: Pantheon, 1980. 178-188.
• "The Crux." Forerunner 2 (1910); NY: Charlton Co., 1911; The Charlotte Perkins Gilman Reader. Ed. Ann J. Lane. NY: Pantheon, 1980. 116-122.
• "The Jumping-off Place." Forerunner 2:4 (1911): 87-93. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 148-158.
• "The Widow's Might." Forerunner 2:1 (1911): 3-7. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 139-147.
• "Turned." Forerunner 2:9 (1911): 227-32. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 182-191.
• "Mrs. Elder's Idea." Forerunner 3:2 (1912): 29-32. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 191-199.
• "Their House." Forerunner 3:12 (1912): 309-14. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 200-209.
• "A Council of War." Forerunner 4:8 (1913): 197-201. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 235-243.
• "Bee Wise." Forerunner 4:7 (1913): 169-173. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 226-234.
• "Her Beauty." Forerunner 4:2 (1913): 29-33. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 210-217.
• "Mrs. Hines's Money." Forerunner 4:4 (1913): 85-89. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 218-226.
• "A Partnership." Forerunner 5:6 (1914): 141-45. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 253-261.
• "Begnina Machiavelli." Forerunner 5 (1914); NY: Such and Such Publishing, 1998.
• "Fulfilment." Forerunner 5:3 (1914): 57-61. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995.
• "If I Were a Man." Physical Culture 32 (1914): 31-34. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 262-268.
• "Mr. Peebles's Heart." Forerunner 5:9 (1914): 225-29. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 269-276.
• "Dr. Clair's Place." Forerunner 6:6 (1915): 141-45. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 295-303.
• "Girls and Land." Forerunner 6:5 (1915): 113-117. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 286-294.
• "Herland." The Forerunner 6 (1915); NY: Pantheon Books, 1979.
• "Mrs. Merrill's Duties." Forerunner 6:3 (1915): 57-61. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 277-285.
• "A Surplus Woman." Forerunner 7:5 (1916): 113-18. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 304-313.
• "Joan's Defender." Forerunner 7:6 (1916): 141-45. "The Yellow Wall-Paper" and Other Stories. Ed. Robert Shulman. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1995. 314-322.
• "The Girl in the Pink Hat." Forerunner 7 (1916): 39-46. The Charlotte Perkins Gilman Reader. Ed. Ann J. Lane. NY: Pantheon, 1980. 39-45.
• "With Her in Ourland: Sequel to Herland." Forerunner 7 (1916); Westport: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1997.

Poésie

• In This Our World, première édition Oakland, McCombs & Vaughn, 1893, Londres, T. Fisher Unwin, 1895. ; deuxième édition San Francisco, Press of James H. Barry, 1895.
• Suffrage Songs and Verses, New York, Charlton Co., 1911.
• The Later Poetry of Charlotte Perkins Gilman, Newark, University of Delaware Press, 1996.

Traductions françaises

• Benigna Machiavelli, traduction de Benigna Machiavelli par Pascale Voilley, V. Hamy, 2008 (ISBN 978-2-87858-268-0)
• Le Papier peint jaune, traduction de The Yellow Wall-Paper par le collectif de traduction des éditions "Des femmes", Des femmes-A. Fouque, 2007 (ISBN 978-2-7210-0550-2)
• La Séquestrée, traduction de The Yellow Wall-Paper par Diane de Margerie, Phébus, 2002 (ISBN 2-85940-812-6)
• « L'Aventure », traduction par Katherine Roussos du premier chapitre de Herland, Le Champ des lettres, n^o 1, 2010 www.citedesdames.com

Bibliographie

Référence

Lien externe

• L'utopiste féministe radicale

• Portail de la littérature
• Portail des femmes