Carbonium (ion)

Carbonium (ion)

Un ion carbonium est un carbocation dont l'atome de carbone portant la charge électrique est tétra- ou pentacoordonné, de type R5C+[1].

De tels cations organiques se forment par exemple sous l'action de superacides tels que l'acide fluoroantimonique HSbF6 ou « l'acide magique » HSFO3·SbF5.

Un ion carbonium classique est le méthanium CH5+, qu'on trouve dans le milieu interstellaire.

Références

  1. ↑ George Andrew Olah, « Stable carbocations. CXVIII. General concept and structure of carbocations based on differentiation of trivalent (classical) carbenium ions from three-center bound penta- of tetracoordinated (nonclassical) carbonium ions. Role of carbocations in electrophilic reactions », dans J. Am. Chem. Soc., vol. 94, no 3, 1972, p. 808–820 [lien DOI] 

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