Os axis

Os axis

Axis (os)

Page d'aide sur l'homonymie Pour les articles homonymes, voir Axis et C2.
Axis, vue postérieure : 1 : Processus transverse percé de son foramen transversaire ; 2 : Surface articulaire postérieure de l'odontoïde ; 3 : Processus odontoïde ; 4 : Surface articulaire supérieure ; 5 : Processus articulaire inférieur ; 6 : Processus épineux ;
Axis, vue antérieure : 1 : Processus articulaire inférieur ; 2 : Surface articulaire supérieure ; 3 : Surface articulaire antérieure de l'odontoïde ; 4 : Processus odontoïde


L'axis est la deuxième vertèbre cervicale (C2).

Description

Corps vertébral :

Identique par sa face inférieure à celui des autres vertèbres cervicales, il possède sur sa face supérieure une particularité : le processus odontoïde (ou dent de l'axis), de forme pyramidale. L'odontoïde possède des surfaces articulaires :

  • une en avant, en rapport avec la fovea dentis de l'arc antérieur de C1
  • une en arrière, en rapport avec le ligament transverse de C1

Arc neural :

  • Les pédicules, très courts, se prolongent par des lames dont le bord inférieur est incurvé.
  • Le processus épineux (union médiane des deux lames) est court et bituberculé
  • Les processus transverses, à l'union des pédicules et des lames, sont percés d'un foramen transversaire, comme ceux des autres vertèbres cervicales
  • Le foramen vertébral est de forme triangulaire à base antérieure
  • Les surfaces articulaires supérieures sont en rapport avec les cavités glénoïdes inférieures de l'atlas.
  • Les surfaces articulaires inférieures sont en rapport avec les processus articulaires supérieurs de C3.
  • Portail de la médecine Portail de la médecine
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