Pipilo crissalis

Pipilo crissalis

Tohi de Californie

Comment lire une taxobox
Tohi de Californie
 Pipilo crissalis
Pipilo crissalis
Classification classique
Règne Animalia
Embranchement Chordata
Sous-embr. Vertebrata
Classe Aves
Ordre Passeriformes
Famille Emberizidae
Genre Pipilo
Nom binominal
Pipilo crissalis
(Vigors, 1839)
Statut de conservation IUCN :

LC  : Préoccupation mineure
Schéma montrant le risque d'extinction sur le classement de l'IUCN.

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Le Tohi de Californie (Pipilo crissalis) est un oiseau de la famille des Emberizidae originaire de l'ouest de l'Oregon et de la Californie aux États-Unis, ainsi que de la Basse-Californie-du-Sud au Mexique.

Sommaire

Sous-espèces

    • Pipilo crissalis albigula S.F. Baird, 1860
    • Pipilo crissalis aripolius Oberholser, 1919
    • Pipilo crissalis bullatus Grinnell & Swarth, 1926
    • Pipilo crissalis carolae McGregor, 1899
    • Pipilo crissalis crissalis (Vigors, 1839)
    • Pipilo crissalis eremophilus Van Rossem ,1935
    • Pipilo crissalis petulans Grinnell & Swarth, 1926
    • Pipilo crissalis senicula Anthony, 1895

Description

Il mesure 20 à 25 centimètres de long avec une queue assez longue.Il ressemble à un gros moineau avec un plumage brun sauf sous la queue et au niveau de la gorge où il a des taches rousses. Il existe un léger dimorphisme entre mâle et femelle.

Galerie

Références (anglaises)

Livre

  • Kunzmann, M. R., K. Ellison, K. L. Purcell, R. R. Johnson, and L. T. Haight. 2002. California Towhee (Pipilo crissalis). In The Birds of North America, No. 632 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

Thèse

  • Purcell KL. Ph.D. (1995). Reproductive strategies of open- and cavity-nesting birds. University of Nevada, Reno, United States -- Nevada.
  • Slowik TJD. Ph.D. (2000). Studies on the enzootiology of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and the host-targeted control of arthropod vectors of disease in northwestern California. University of California, Berkeley, United States -- California.

Articles

  • Alexander JD, Seavy NE & Hosten PE. (2007). Using conservation plans and bird monitoring to evaluate ecological effects of management: An example with fuels reduction activities in southwest Oregon. Forest Ecology & Management. vol 238, no 1-3. p. 375-383.
  • Benedict L. (2007). Offspring discrimination without recognition: California Towhee responses to chick distress calls. Condor. vol 109, no 1. p. 79-87.
  • Carson RJ & Spicer GS. (2003). A phylogenetic analysis of the emberizid sparrows based on three mitochondrial genes. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. vol 29, no 1. p. 43-57.
  • Dodge AG, Fry AJ, Blackwell RC & Zink RM. (1995). Comparison of phylogenies derived from two molecular data sets in the avian genera Pipilo and Spizella. Wilson Bulletin. vol 107, no 4. p. 641-654.
  • Laabs DM, Allaback ML & Lapre LF. (1995). Census of the Inyo California Towhee in the eastern third of its range. Western Birds. vol 26, no 4. p. 189-196.
  • Patten MA & Bolger DT. (2003). Variation in top-down control of avian reproductive success across a fragmentation gradient. Oikos. vol 101, no 3. p. 479-488.
  • Purcell KL & Verner J. (1998). Density and reproductive success of California Towhees. Conservation Biology. vol 12, no 2. p. 442-450.
  • Valone TJ & Wheelbarger AJ. (1998). The effect of heterospecifics on the group-size effect in white-crowned sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys). Bird Behavior. vol 12, no 3-4. p. 85-90.
  • Zink RM. (1988). Evolution of Brown Towhees Allozymes Morphometrics and Species Limits. Condor. vol 90, no 1. p. 72-82.
  • Zink RM & Dittman DL. (1991). Evolution of Brown Towhees Mitochondrial DNA Evidence. Condor. vol 93, no 1. p. 98-105.
  • Zink RM, Weller SJ & Blackwell RC. (1998). Molecular phylogenetics of the avian genus Pipilo and a biogeographic argument for taxonomic uncertainty. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. vol 10, no 2. p. 191-201.
  • Portail de l’ornithologie Portail de l’ornithologie
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