Kahayan

Kahayan

2°12′8″S 113°55′19″E / -2.20222, 113.92194

Le Kahayan

Le Kahayan, encore appelé Grand Dayak, est le plus grand fleuve de la province indonésienne de Kalimantan central dans l'île de Bornéo. Palangkaraya, la capitale provinciale, est située sur ce fleuve.


Sommaire

Géographie

Le Kahayan au nord de Palangkaraya

La province de Kalimantan central a une superficie de 153 800 km2. 82% consistent en forêt tropicale et moins de 3% en terre agricole. La partie nord de la province est montagneuse. La région centrale possède des forêts tropicales plates et fertiles. La partie sud est marécageuse[1]. Les forêts fournissent du rotin, des résines et des bois de grande qualité. Le climat est chaud et humide, avec des températures autour de 30o durant presque toute l'année. Les précipitations annuelles vont de 2 800 à 3 400 mm.

The Kahayan River originates in the northern mountains, then meanders for 600 km southward through the plains to the Java Sea[2]. Tidal effects are felt 50 km - 80 km inland from the sea. A recent study found 28 species of fish throughout the river, 44 species in the Danau Sabuah lake and 12 species in the traditional fish ponds. The riparian wetlands were the main spawning areas. Fishermen are reporting declining yields due to problems with water quality[3].

Population

Orang Utan attacked by Dayaks. A fanciful Victorian illustration.

La région du Kahayan est habitée par différents groupes dayak qui ont conservé leurs traditions et leur religion ancestrale kaharingan. Ces populations parlent des langues du groupe barito, dont fait partie la langue malgache parlée à Madagascar. La religion kaharingan est une combinaison de culte des ancêtres, d'animisme et de dynamisme, mais certains la considèrent comme une form d'hindouisme.

Les principaux groupes sont les Ngaju, les Ot Danum et les Ma'anyan. Les Ot Danum vivent dans les régions amont des fleuves Kahayan, Barito, Kapuas et Rungan et ont conservé leur mode de vie traditionnel. Many still live in longhouses and subsist through hunting, fishing and basic agriculture. Village elders practice traditional medicine and mark their status with intricate body tattoos and heavy ear adornments[4]. The Ngaju have moved downstream, and to some extent assimilated with the mixed population of the towns further down the river, which includes Javanese, Maduranese, Batak, Toraja, Ambonese, Bugis, Palembang, Minang, Banjarese, Makassar, Papuan, Balinese, Acehnese and Chinese[5].

Forêt de tourbière et méga-projet de rizières

La forêt

Notes


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Contenu soumis à la licence CC-BY-SA. Source : Article Kahayan de Wikipédia en français (auteurs)

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