Japanese National Railways

Japanese National Railways
JNR logo
plaque du siège JNR

La Japanese National Railways ou JNR (« Chemins de fer nationaux japonais ») fut la compagnie national du transport ferroviaire du Japon créée en 1908 pour harmoniser l'exploitation des lignes existantes par diverses compagnies privées. La première ligne était celle de Kōbe-Osaka ouverte en 1874.

C'est le 1er avril 1987 que, face aux difficultés de la compagnie nationale, en particulier son déficit important et son sureffectif chronique, le gouvernement japonais décidait de répartir l'exploitation ferroviaire entre six compagnies privées constituant le groupe JR (Japan Railways). Chacune se consacrait à l'exploitation des liaisons voyageurs dans une région donnée. L'exploitation du fret ferroviaire était confiée à une seule compagnie pour tout l'archipel, JRF (Japan Freight Railways).

Notes et références



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