Hip-hop old school

Le rap Old School a sa propre identité et représente le début de ce genre musical dans les années 1970 aux États-Unis. Il a par ailleurs son propre son qui se reconnait facilement, mais possède un lien très fort avec les autres éléments de la culture Hip hop. Le groupe Run DMC, l'artiste Rakim ainsi que d'autres comme Ice Cube et NWA en sont un bon exemple.

Description

Le Hip hop prend ses racines des textes revendicateur de James Brown - "Say It Loud (I'm Black and I'm Proud)" 1968, c'est la fierté d'être noir, slogan de Malcolm X. Marvin Gaye dénonce la société ségrégationniste de l'Amérique dans "What's Going On" 1971. La musique Old school est composé de sample des grands groupes funk 70's, Funkadelic, Chic, Earth, Wind & Fire, Kool & the Gang...

Sur le rap Old school, le DJ est celui dont la fonction est la plus importante, comme dans les Block Parties. Les rappeurs n'ont en effet qu'un rôle très limité, la plupart du morceau type étant occupé par des parties instrumentales. Le rap Old school est ainsi plus musical que le rap actuel, car plus proche de la musique dansante des Block Parties. Le flow des rappeurs est aussi un peu plus chantant, marquant le rythme.

Note : Le rap Old school prend fin en 1993 à l'arrivée des albums ultra moderne de 2Pac et Notorious Big et Wu Tang Clan fait la transition des deux périodes.

DJs Old School

• Dj Kool Herc : inventeur du breakbeat, et pour beaucoup par conséquent du Hip-Hop ;
• Grandmaster Flash : précurseur de la musique hip-hop, il a perfectionné le DJing et le scratch et inventé la technique du cutting ;
• Afrika Bambaataa : inventeur de la philosophie de la Zulu Nation ;
• Dj Red Alert ;
• Grand Wizard Theodore : inventeur du scratch ;
• Dj Hollywood ;
• Jam Master Jay (Run DMC) ;
• The Fresh 3 MC's ;
• DJ Cheese (DMC) 1986 ;
• DJ Dee Nasty : le seul DJ Old School français, disciple d'Afrika Bambaataa lors de sa venue en France.
• James Brown - Say It Loud (I'm Black and I'm Proud) (1968)
• The Last Poets - Niggers Are Scared of Revolution (1970)
• Grandmaster Flash - Superrapin' (1979)
• The Sugarhill Gang - Rapper's Delight (1979)
• Kurtis Blow - The Breaks (1979)
• Kurtis Blow - Christmas Rappin' (1979)
• Joe Bataan - Rap-O Clap-O (1979)
• Sequence - Funk You Up (1979)
• Funky 4 + 1 - Rapping And Rocking The House (1979)
• Lady D - Lady D (1979)
• Ron Hunt - Spiderap (1979)
• Fatback - King Tim III (Personality Jock) (1979)
• Lady B - To The Beat, Y'all (1979)
• Funky Constellation - Street Talk (Madame Rapper) (1979)
• Solid C, Bobby D & Kool Drop - Wack Rap (1979)
• Jazzy 4 MC's - MC Rock (1979)
• Paulette & Tanya Winley - Rhymin' And Rappin' (1979)
• Sicle Cell & Rhapazooty - Rhapazooty In Blue (1979)
• Bobby Demo - More Ounce (1979)
• Jocko - Rhythm Talk (1979)
• Ron Hunt - Spiderap (1979)
• Positive Force - We Got The Funk (1979)
• Afrika Bambaataa & the soulsonic force - zulu nation throwdown pt. 2 (1980)
• Afrika Bambaataa feat Soul Sonic Force - Planet Rock (1980)
• Blondie - Rapture (1980)
• Bon Rock - Searching Rap (1980)
• Crash Crew - High Power Rap (1980)
• Jimmy Spicer - Adventures of Super Rhyme (1980)
• Mr. Magic - Rappin' With Mr. Magic (1980)
• Mr. Magic - 2001 Kazoo's (1980)
• Rock Steady Crew - (Hey You) The Rock Steady Crew (1980)
• Ronnie Gee - Raptivity (1980)
• Sequence & Spoonie Gee - Monster Jam (1980)
• Spoonie Gee & The Treacherous Three - Love Rap (1980)
• Spoonie Gee & The Treacherous Three - New Rap Language (1980)
• Spoonie Gee - Spoonin' Rap (1980)
• Sugarhill Gang - 8th Wonder (1980)
• T.J. Swann - And you know that (1980)
• Tanya Winley - Vicious Rap (1980)
• Treacherous Three - At the Party (1980)
• Treacherous Three - The Body Rock (1980)
• Trickeration - Rap, Bounce, Rockskate (1980)
• Xanadu - sure shot (1980)
• Pookey Blow - Get Up(And Go To School) (1980)
• The Family - Family Rap (1980)
• Super J - Santa's Rap Party (1980)
• Rappermatical 5 - Party People (1980)
• The Jazzy Three - Rappin' Spree (1980)
• Harlem World Crew - Let's Rock (1980)
• Kool Kyle The Starchild & The Disco Dolls - Do You Like That Funky Beat (1980)
• Younger Generation & The Marvelous 3 - Rappin' All Over (1980)
• Frankie Smith - Double Dutch Bus (1980)
• ESG - Ufo (1981)
• Spyder D - Big Apple Rappin (1981)
• Spyder D - Smerphie's Dance (1981)
• Busy Bee - School Days (1981)
• Grandmaster Flash - A The Adventures Of Grandmaster Flash On The Wheels Of Steel (1981)
• Funky 4 + 1 - That's the joint (1981)
• Grand Wizard Theodore - can i get a soul clap, fresh out the pack (1981)
• Spanish Fly & the terrible two - spanglish (1981)
• Dr Jeckyll & Mr Hyde - Genius Rap (1981)
• Kool Kyle the Starchild - It's Rockin Time (1981)
• Doctor Ice - Calling Doctor Ice (1981)
• West Street Mob - Let's Dance (Make Your Body Move) (1981)
• Grandmaster Flash & The Furious Five - The Message (1982)
• Tyrone Brunson - The Smurf (1982)
• Whodini - Friends (1982)
• Whodini - One Love (1982)
• The Jonzun Crew - Pack Jam (Look Out For The OVC) (1982)
• B-side with Fab 5 Freddy - Change the Beat (1982)
• Planet Patrol - Play At Your Own Risk (1982)
• Fantastic Freaks - Fantastic Freaks At The Dixie (1982)
• Grandmaster Caz - Wild Style Theme Rap 1 (1982)
• Captain Rock - Cosmic Glide (1982)
• Klein & M.B.O. - Dirty Talk (1982)
• Malcolm McLaren - Buffalo Gals (1982)
• Fearless Four - Rockin' It (1982)
• Quadrant Six - Body Mechanic (1982)
• Hashim - Were Rocking The Planet (1983)
• Hashim - Al-Naafiysh (1983)
• Herbie Hancock & DJ Grandmixer DXT - Rockit (1983)
• Pacman - I'm the Pacman Eat Everything (1983)
• Planet Patrol - Cheap Thrills (1983)
• Planet Patrol - Danger Zone (1983)
• Cold Crush Brothers - Punk Rock Rap (1983)
• T La Rock & Jazzy Jay (with Rick Rubin) - It's Yours (1983)
• Voice Principles - Halloween (1983)
• Voice Principles - Let's Rock (1983)
• Xena - On the Upside (1983)
• The Jonzun Crew - Electro Boogie Encounter (1983)
• Time Zone - Wildstyle (1983)
• G.L.O.B.E. & Whiz Kid - Play That Beat Mr. DJ (1983)
• Debbie Deb - Lookout Weekend (1983)
• T. La Rock & Jazzy Jay - It's Yours (1983)
• Man Parrish - Hip Hop, Be Bop (Don't Stop) (1983)
• Break Machine - Street Dance (1983)
• Afrika Bambaataa with James Brown - Unity (1984)
• Crash Crew - We Want To Rock (1984)
• Crash Crew - Breakin Bells (1984)
• Crash Crew - On The Radio (1984)
• Egyptian Lover - Egypt, Egypt (1984)
• Egyptian Lover - Unreal (1984)
• Egyptian Lover - Computer Love (1984)
• Shannon - Let The Music Play (1984)
• Strafe - Set it Off (1984)
• Planet Patrol - See You RnR (1984)
• Paul Hardcastle - Rainforest (1984)
• Fast Lane - Young Ladies (1984)
• Man Parrish - Boogie Down Bronx (1984)
• MC Flex & The FBI Crew - Rockin' It (1984)
• Newcleus - Jam On It (1984)
• Newcleus - Destination Earth (1984)
• Whodini - Five Minutes of Funk (1984)
• The Boogie Boys - Break Dancer(1984)
• Bobby Broom - Beat Freak (1984)
• Run DMC - Sucker M.C.'s. (1984)
• The Fat Boys - Human Beat Box part ii (1984)
• UTFO - Roxanne Roxanne (1984)
• Ice T & Chris 'The Glove' Taylor - Reckless (1984)
• Divine Sounds - What People Do For Money (1984)
• Uncle Jam's Army - Dial-A-Freak (1984)
• Uncle Jam's Army - Yes, Yes, Yes (1984)
• Davy DMX - One for The Treble (Fresh) (1984)
• Starchild & Disco Bee - B-Boy Breakers (1984)
• Double Duce, Mighty Rock & Amos Larkin III - Commin' in Fresh (1985)
• Double Duce & Amos Larkin III - We Got the Beat (1985)
• Funkmaster Wizard Wiz - Crack It Up (Ya Better Not) (1985)
• Funkmaster Wizard Wiz - Put That Head Out (1985)
• The Boogie Boys - Do Or Die (1985)
• LL Cool J - Rock The Bells (1985)
• LL Cool J & Rick Rubin - You'll Rock (1985)
• The Boogie Boys - A Fly Girl (1985)
• The Boogie Boys - Do or Die (1985)
• Sha-quan - Don't Fess (1985)
• Bobby Jimmy & the Critters - Big Butt (1985)
• Gigolo Tony - Doin Time (1985)
• Mantronix & MC Tee - Needle to the Groove (1985)
• Though MC's & Amos Larkin III - We Love You (1985)
• Dr Jeckyll & Mr Hyde - Butt Naked (1985)
• Doug E. Fresh & The Get Fresh Crew - The Show (1985)
• Brother D & Collective Effort - How We Gonna Make The Black Nation Rise? (1985)
• Dana Dane - Nightmares (1986)
• Original Concept - Extra Beats (1986)
• Salt-n-Pepa - Push It (1986)
• Biz Markie - The Vapors (1986)
• Run DMC - Walk This Way ( with Aerosmith) (1986)
• Just-Ice - Back to the Old School (1986)
• Joeski Love - Pee Wee's Dance (1986)
• The Mechanic - Sweat (1986)
• Timex Social Club - Rumors (1986)
• Celebrity Club - Girls rulin` the world (1986)
• Dana Dane - Cinderfella Dana Dane (1987)
• Ice T - Colors (1987)
• Eric B. & Rakim - Eric B. Is President (1987)
• Eric B. & Rakim - Paid In Full (1987)
• Gigolo Tony - It´s the Gigolo Tony (1987)
• Ultimate 3 MC's - I Want You Back (1987)
• Vennie D - 55 Dollar Motel (1987)
• Just-Ice - Going Way Back (1987)
• N.W.A. - Dope Man (1987)
• Too Short - Blow Job Betty (1987)
• Public Enemy - Public Enemy No. 1 (1987)
• Boogie Down Productions - The Bridge Is Over(1987)
• Rob Base and DJ E-Z Rock - It Takes Two (1988)
• Cash Money & Marvelous - Where's The Party At? (1988)
• Silck Rick - Hey Young World (1988)
• Slick Rick - Treat Her like a Prostitute (1988)
• Audio Two - Top Billin' (1988)
• EPMD - Strictly Business (1988)
• Maggotron - Bass Invaders (1988)
• N.W.A. - Straight Outta Compton (1988)
• N.W.A. - Express Yourself (1988)
• N.W.A. - Fuck tha Police (1988)
• Public Enemy - Don't Believe the Hype (1988)
• Public Enemy - Rebel Without a Pause (1988)
• Marley Marl - The Symphony (1988)
• MC Lyte - Paper Thin (1988)
• Kool Moe Dee - How Ya Like Me Now (1988)
• Big Daddy Kane - Ain't No Half Steppin' (1989)
• The Beastie Boys - Hey Ladies (1989)
• 2 Live Crew - Me So Horny (1989)
• 3rd Bass - Product of the Environment (1989)
• Fat Boys - Jailhouse Rap (1989)
• Young MC - Bust A Move (1989)
• Stop the Violence Movement - Self Destruction (1989)
• De La Soul - The Magic Number (1989)
• EPMD - So Wat Cha Sayin (1989)
• Big Daddy Kane - Ain't No Half Steppin' (1989)
• Tone Loc - Wild Thing (1989)
• 2 Live Crew - Fuck Martinez (1990)
• Biz Markie - Just a Friend (1990)
• Public Enemy - Fight the Power (1990)
• Kool G Rap & Dj Polo - Streets of New York (1990)
• Salt n Pepper - Let's Talk About Sex (1990)
• Eric B. & Rakim - Let the rhythm hit 'em (1990)
• Main Source - Looking at the Front Door (1990)
• Monie Love - t's a Shame (My Sister) (1990)
• Many Fazes - I'm Hip (The Hip Hoppers) (1990)
• Queen Latifah feat. Monie Love - Ladies First (1990)
• A Tribe Called Quest - Bonita Applebaum (1990)
• Kid N' Play - Funhouse (1990)
• Lord Finesse & DJ Mike Smooth - Bad Mutha (1990)
• Digital Underground - The Humpty Dance (1990)
• Big Daddy Kane - Cause I Can Do It Right (1990)
• KMD - Who Me (1991)
• Ice T - O.G. Original Gangster (1991)
• Ice T - New Jack Hustler (Ninos Theme) (1991)
• Mc Lyte - Poor Georgie (1991)
• Naughty By Nature - O.P.P. (1991)
• Brand mputu elenge mbey(1991)
• Mc Hammer - U Can't Touch This (1991)
• De La Soul - Roller Skating jam Named Saturdays (1991)
• De La Soul - Ring Ring Ring (Ha Ha Hey) (1991)
• Del the Funky Homosapien - Mistadobalina (1991)
• DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince - Summertime (1991)
• Digital Underground - Kiss You Back (1991)
• Geto Boy - Mind Playin' Tricks on Me (1991)
• Leaders of the New School - Sobb Story (feat Mc Jah) (1991)
• A Tribe Called Quest & Busta Rhymes - Scenario (1991)
• Heavy D & the Boyz - Now That We Found Love (1991)
• 2Pac - Brenda's Got a Baby (1991)
• P.M. Dawn - Set Adrift On Memory Bliss (1991)
• The Pharcyde - Passing Me By (1992)
• UGK - Pocket Full Of Stones (1992)
• Sir Mix-A-Lot - Baby Got Back (1992)
• Kool G Rap & Dj Polo - Iii Street Blues (1992)
• Wreckx-n-Effect - Rump Shaker (1992)
• Chubb Rock - Lost in the Storm (1992)
• Eric B. & Rakim - Don't Sweat The Technique (1992)
• EPMD, Redman & K Solo - Head Banger (1992)
• Ice Cube - It Was A Good Day (1992)
• Dr Dre & Snoop Doggy Dog - Nuthin' But a "G" Thang (1992)
• Disposable Heroes Of Hiphoprisy - Television, The Drug Of The Nation (1992)
• Kris Kross - Jump (1992)
• Arrested Development - People Everyday (1992)
• Gang Starr - Take It Personal (1992)
• Das EFX - Mic Checka (1993)
• Digable Planets - Rebirth of Slick (Cool Like Dat) (1993)
• Volume 10 - Pistolgrip-Pump (1993)
• KRS-One - Sound Of Da Police (1993)
• Black Moon - Buck em Down (1993)
• Ice Cube - You Know How we Do It (1993)
• Queen Latifah - U.N.I.T.Y. (1993)
• The Conscious Daughters - We Roll Deep (1993)
• Wu Tang Clan - M-E-T-H-O-D Man (1993)
• Wu Tang Clan - Protect Ya Neck (1993)
• Wu Tang Clan - CREAM (1993)
• OutKast - Player's Ball (1993)
• Lord of the underground - Here Come the Lords (1993)
• Cypress Hill - Insane in the Brain (1993)
• Snoop Doggy Dogg - Who Am I (What's My Name)? (1993)

Voir aussi

• Rap
• Midwest Rap
• East Coast
• West Coast
• Liste des rappeurs
• Wild Style

Lien externe

• (en) Old school hiphop

• Portail de la musique
• Portail du hip-hop