Code talker
- Code talker
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Monument dédié aux
code talkers à
Ocala.
Un code talker (« causeurs de code ») désigne un personne qui parle en utilisant un langage codé.
Il est plus fréquemment utilisé pour décrire les Nord-Amérindiens qui ont servi dans le Corps des Marines des États-Unis dont la tâche principale était la transmission de messages tactiques codés. Ces hommes transmettaient ces messages via les téléphones ou radio militaires en utilisant des codes formels ou informels reposant sur leur langue maternelle. Leur service fut très précieux, car il améliora la sécurité des communications de l'essentiel des opérations en ligne de front durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, les Japonais ne parvenant pas à le décrypter.
Cette histoire est fortement associée aux orateurs Navajos spécialement recrutés pour le théâtre Pacifique de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Néanmoins, outre les Navajos, il y avait aussi des Cherokees, Choctaws, Lakotas, Renards et Comanches. De plus, des code talkers ont été utilisé dès la Première Guerre mondiale.
L'histoire des Navajos engagée comme codeurs lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale est notamment au cœur de l'intrigue du film Windtalkers (2002).
Catégories :
- Cryptologie
- Histoire des Amérindiens des États-Unis
- Histoire des États-Unis pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale
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Contenu soumis à la licence CC-BY-SA. Source : Article Code talker de Wikipédia en français (auteurs)
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