Tolowa
- Tolowa
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Tolowa est le nom d’une tribu Amérindienne présente dans la région du bassin du fleuve Smith au nord de la Californie et au sud de l’Oregon aux États-Unis. Ils continuent à parler leur langue traditionnelle, la langue Tolowa, une langue athapascane, dont une école a ouvert ses portes en 2006 grâce à la Confédération des tribus de Siletz. Ils se nourrissaient des ressources maritimes et fluviales (saumon et coquillages).
Population
Alfred L. Kroeber estima la population à 1 000 en 1770 tandis que Sherburne F. Cook estima la population à 2 400. le recensement de 1920 détermina une population de 121 Tolowas dans le comté de Del Norte en Californie.
Références
- (en)Baumhoff, Martin A. 1963. "Ecological Determinants of Aboriginal California Populations". University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 49:155-236.
- (en)Cook, Sherburne F. 1943. The Conflict between the California Indian and White Civilization I: The Indian Versus the Spanish Mission. Ibero-Americana No. 21. University of California, Berkeley.
- (en)Cook, Sherburne F. 1956. "The Aboriginal Population of the North Coast of California". Anthropological Records 16:81-130. University of California, Berkeley.
- (en)Drucker, Philip. 1937. "The Tolowa and their Southwest Oregon Kin". University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology 36:221-300. Berkeley.
- (en)Gould, Richard A. 1978. "Tolowa". In California, edited by Robert F. Heizer, pp. 128-136. Handbook of North American Indians, William C. Sturtevant, general editor, vol. 8. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
- (en)Kroeber, A. L. 1925. Handbook of the Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 78. Washington, D.C.
Liens externes
Catégories :
- Peuple amérindien de Californie
- Peuple amérindien de l'Oregon
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