James Otis
- James Otis
-
James Otis, Jr. par J. Blackburn
James Otis Jr. (5 février 1725 – 23 mai 1783) était un avocat de la colonie du Massachusetts et l'un des penseurs de la Révolution américaine. On lui attribue généralement le slogan « Taxation without Representation is Tyranny[1] ». Il étudia les lettres classiques à Harvard[2].
En 1764, il s'oppose au Currency Act en rédigeant des pamphlets dans lesquels il énonce les principes de la Révolution américaine[3]. Il publie la même année Défense et démonstration des droits des colonies britanniques[4] dans lequel il défend les droits imprescriptibles et universels en invoquant le philosophe anglais John Locke. Il dénonce implicitement l’esclavage[2] et exige que les colons soient directement représentés au Parlement anglais, sans toutefois inciter à l'indépendance[2].
Source
- Bernard Cottret, La Révolution américaine : La quête du bonheur 1763-1787, Paris, Perrin, 2003, (ISBN 2262018219).
Notes
- ↑ Taxation without Representation is Tyranny que l'on peut traduire par « Taxes sans représentation, c'est de la tyrannie. » Ce qui signifie qu'imposer à un peuple des impôts sans que celui-ci ne soit représenté politiquement, d'une manière ou d'une autre, est le fait d'un tyran.
- ↑ a, b et c Cottret, p. 50
- ↑ Cottret, p. 381
- ↑ J. Otis, Rights of the British Colonies Asserted and Proved, Boston, 1764.
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