Hejaz

Hejaz

Hedjaz

Localisation du Hedjaz

Le Hedjaz est une région du nord-ouest de l'actuelle Arabie saoudite ; sa principale ville est Djeddah, mais la cité la plus connue est La Mecque, ainsi que Médine.

Cette région fut contrôlée tour à tour durant la majeure partie de son histoire par les puissances régionales, l'Égypte ou l'Empire ottoman ; elle fut néanmoins brièvement indépendante au début du XXe siècle, lorsqu'elle se souleva contre l'Empire ottoman lors d'une rébellion encouragée par Lawrence d'Arabie durant la Première Guerre mondiale. Husseyn ibn Ali, chérif de la Mecque, proclama son indépendance en 1916.

En 1924, l'autorité du chérif fut renversée par les ibn Saoud, régnant sur la nation voisine du Nejd. Cette annexion permit la création de l'Arabie saoudite moderne en 1932.

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