Diazonium

Diazonium
Formule du diazonium
Sels de diazonium
Cation phényldiazonium

Un diazonium est un composé diazoïque qui est un cation.

Synthèse

Un sel de diazonium peut être obtenue par diazotation entre du nitrite de sodium, de l'acide chlorhydrique et, le plus souvent, de l'aniline ou bien un acide-α-aminé à une température proche de °C. On obtient donc un sel de diazonium, du chlorure de sodium et de l'eau

Le sel de phényldiazonium est souvent utilisé dans les réactions de copulation, procédé permettant d'obtenir des colorants.

Propriété physico-chimiques

Un sel de diazonium est très instable et se dégrade facilement à température ambiante. Le sel est hydrolysé par l'eau pour donner un alcool ou un phénol.

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  • diazonium — ● diazonium nom masculin Cation R―N≢N, obtenu par action de l acide nitreux sur les amines primaires R―NH2 …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • diazonium — [dī΄ə zō′nē əm] adj. [ DIAZ(O) + (AMM)ONIUM] designating or containing the organic radical N⋮N, which occurs in a series of aromatic compounds …   English World dictionary

  • diazonium — /duy euh zoh nee euhm/, adj. Chem. of or derived from a diazonium compound. [1890 95; DIAZ + onium, as in AMMONIUM] * * * …   Universalium

  • diazonium — noun any univalent cation, of general formula R N; diazonium salts are used to manufacture azo dyes, and take part in the Sandmeyer reaction …   Wiktionary

  • diazonium salts — diazonium salts, Chemistry. a group of compounds having the general formula (ArN:N)x, the x representing an acid radical …   Useful english dictionary

  • Diazonium compound — Phenyldiazonium cation Diazonium compounds or diazonium salts are a group of organic compounds sharing a common functional group R N2+ X where R can be any organic residue such alkyl or aryl and X is an inorganic or organic anion such as a… …   Wikipedia

  • diazonium salt — Chem. any of a group of salts of the general formula ArN2X, in which Ar represents an aryl group and X an anion, as benzenediazonium chloride, C6H5N(N)Cl, many of which are important intermediates in the manufacture of azo dyes. [1905 10] * * * ▪ …   Universalium

  • diazonium compound — noun any compound having the general formula R N X, especially one in which R is an aryl residue; they are important as intermediates in the production of azo dyes Syn: diazonium salt …   Wiktionary

  • diazonium salt — noun a diazonium compound …   Wiktionary

  • diazonium — noun Etymology: International Scientific Vocabulary di + az + onium Date: 1895 the monovalent cation N2+ that is composed of two nitrogen atoms united to carbon in an organic radical and that usually exists in salts used in the manufacture of azo …   New Collegiate Dictionary

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